On Oct 15, 2012, at 11:56 AM, Andrew Pennebaker < email@hidden> wrote: I'm trying to write Hello World in GNU assembler for Mac OS X, but it's bus erroring before it can print "Hello World".
Hi Andrew,
Mac OS/X and the linux/freebsd kernels work very differently from each other. "int $80" is the way to enter the kernel on Linux (at least), but the kernel interface on the Mac is a completely different. The supported way to access the kernel is through the public APIs exposed by libsystem.
If you'd like to hack something up for fun and experimentation, you can try disassembling libsystem with otool to find out more details about specific entrypoints you're interested in. However, note that this is just for the system you are currently working on and they change frequently. This is not a supported or endorsed way to build an application!
-Chris
.global start
.data
.equ stdout, 1
.equ sys_write, 4
.equ sys_exit, 1
.equ kernel, 0x80
msg: .asciz "Hello World!\n"
.equ len, .-msg
.text
start:
push $len
push $msg
push $stdout
mov $sys_write, êx
sub $4, %esp
int $kernel
add $4 + $4 * $3, %esp
push $0
mov $sys_exit, êx
sub $4, %esp
int $kernel Trace:
$ clang -c -o hello.o hello.s $ ld -o hello -macosx_version_min 10.6 hello.o
$ ./hello Bus error: 10
$ gdb hello
(gdb) run Starting program: /Users/andrew/Desktop/src/mcandre/gas/hello/freebsd/hello
Program received signal EXC_BAD_ACCESS, Could not access memory. Reason: KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE at address: 0x0000000000002000
0x0000000000002000 in msg ()
I'm basing my code off of a couple things: I took the semantics from NASM / Mac OS X and the syntax from Gas / Linux.
I also tried the example program on the GNU Assembler Wikipedia page, but it also bus error's.
I filed a bug report with Apple due to its GNU assembler being horribly out of date (as 1.38). They said to use clang instead, so here I am.
What am I doing wrong?
Specs:
* ld64-134.9 * clang 4.1 * Xcode 4.5 * Mac OS X 10.8.2 * MacBook Pro 2009
--
Cheers,
Andrew Pennebaker
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